Menotropins (hMG)

Also known as: human menopausal gonadotropin · Menopur

FDA-approved

Last verified: October 30, 2026

At a glance

FDA approval FDA-approved 4 applications
Randomized controlled trials 150 of 1,561 publications on PubMed
Registered clinical trials 142 10 active
Adverse event reports 2,130 1,049 classified as serious
  • Menotropins (hMG) is an FDA-approved drug, marketed as Menopur (first approval: October 29, 2004).
  • PubMed lists 1,561 publications mentioning it, including 150 randomized controlled trials and 71 animal-only studies.
  • ClinicalTrials.gov lists 142 registered studies testing it (10 active).
  • FDA's adverse event system (FAERS) holds 2,130 reports mentioning it; 1,049 classified as serious. Reports do not prove causation.

Research topics

  • Ovulation Induction 89
  • Fertilization in Vitro 51
  • Follicle Stimulating Hormone 47
  • Pregnancy Rate 45
  • Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone 34
  • Infertility, Female 28
  • Luteinizing Hormone 27
  • Gonadotropins 25
  • Chorionic Gonadotropin 24
  • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome 23

Most frequent MeSH subject headings in the latest PubMed records (English, as indexed).

Regulatory status

Drugs@FDA applications

Application Product Status First approval Sponsor
BLA017646 PERGONAL Approved, discontinued August 22, 1975 SERONO
BLA020328 HUMEGON Approved, discontinued September 1, 1994 ORGANON USA INC
BLA021047 REPRONEX Approved, discontinued August 27, 1999 FERRING
BLA021663 MENOPUR Approved, marketed October 29, 2004 FERRING

Source: Drugs@FDA (openFDA) · verified October 30, 2026 · API query

FDA compounding safety list

Not on FDA's list of bulk drug substances that may present significant safety risks in compounding.

Source: FDA.gov — Category 2 bulk drug substances · verified October 30, 2026

Removal of a substance from a regulatory list does not mean it has been approved. A "research use only" label does not make a product safe or legal for human use.

Scientific publications

  • All publications 1,561
  • Human (MeSH) 1,345
  • Animal only 71
  • Clinical trials 226
  • Randomized controlled trials 150
  • Systematic reviews & meta-analyses 31
  • Case reports 138
  • Retracted 2

Counts are PubMed records that mention the peptide in the title or abstract. Categories overlap, and a mention is not the same as testing the peptide as a treatment. Each number opens the exact PubMed search. Effects seen in laboratory or animal studies may not occur in humans. A registered clinical trial does not show that a substance is effective or safe.

Latest publications

Source: PubMed (NCBI) · verified October 30, 2026

Clinical trials

Registered
142
Active
10
With posted results
18

Conditions studied

  • Infertility 60
  • Infertility, Female 14
  • IVF 7
  • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome 6
  • Female Infertility 6
  • Fertility Disorders 4
  • In Vitro Fertilization 4
  • Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection 4
  • Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome 3
  • Fertility 3
  • Female Infertility Due to Diminished Ovarian Reserve 3
  • OVARIAN STIMULATION 2
Study Status Phase Start
Embryo QUAlity in Ovarian Stimulation With hMG.
NCT07691073 Fundacion Dexeus
Not yet recruiting Phase 4 Sep 2026
A Study to Compare the Efficacy and Safety of Follitropin Alfa/Lutropin Alfa Versus hMG in Japanese Participants With LH and FSH Deficiency Undergoing ART (HINATA)
NCT07340827 Merck Healthcare KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany, an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
Recruiting Phase 3 February 5, 2026
Human Menopausal Gonadotropin Research in Infertility Assessing Cumulative Live Birth With Frozen Embryo Transfer.
NCT07216742 Granata Bio Corporation
Recruiting Phase 3 November 1, 2025
Does Recombinant FSH (rFSH, i.g. Gonal F®) as Compared to Human Menopausal Gonadotrophin (hMG) Affect Telomere Length of Cumulus Cells During Antral Follicle Growth and Impact Blastocyst Status?
NCT06732843 ART Fertility Clinics LLC
Recruiting — July 23, 2025
Menopur And Rekovelle Combination Study Version 2.0
NCT06997900 Clinique Ovo
Recruiting Phase 2 July 4, 2025
Clinical Study to Evaluate Efficacy of Cabergoline to Coasting in Reducing the Incidence of Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome
NCT07043322 Tanta University
Recruiting Phase 2 June 30, 2025
Trigger Protocol on the Rate of Pregnancy After Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection
NCT06966219 Suez University
Active, not recruiting — May 1, 2025
Impact of IVF Hormonal Therapy on Endometrial Receptivity and Endometrial Senescent Cell Pathological Accumulation
NCT06280560 Fundación IVI
Recruiting — February 1, 2024
Cumulative Live Birth Rates in Dual Ovarian Stimulation Versus Two Antagonist Stimulations in Poor Ovarian Responders
NCT06093984 Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital
Not yet recruiting N/A November 1, 2023
Ovarian Hyperstimulation and Fibrin Clot Properties.
NCT04166825 Jagiellonian University
Recruiting N/A November 18, 2019
Show 40 more studies
Study Status Phase Start
Comparison of Follitropin Delta and Follitropin Alfa in Combination With Menotropin
NCT07457684 Clinique Ovo
Completed — December 5, 2025
HMG Treatment Reduces Sperm DNA Fragmentation
NCT07873502 Jinling Hospital, China
Completed Phase 1 July 2, 2025
Intra-Ovarian PRP Compared With Gonadotropin for Ovarian Response in Letrozole-Resistant PCOS
NCT07777640 Bangladesh Medical University
Completed N/A June 1, 2025
Late-Start Corifollitropin Alfa in Mild Ovarian Stimulation
NCT07891793 Assisting Nature
Completed N/A January 1, 2024
Cell-free DNA Analysis of Spent Embryo Culture Media as a Non-invasive Approach for Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis
NCT07076719 Sohag University
Completed — October 1, 2023
Retrospective Study of High Dose Follitropin Delta in a Mixed Protocol With Human Chorionic Gonadotropin
NCT05873725 Clinique Ovo
Completed — May 20, 2023
Modified Rekovelle and Menopur Combination Protocol to Avoid Monitoring Before Day 10 of Stimulation
NCT05737979 Clinique Ovo
Completed — January 27, 2023
Continuous Double Ovarian Stimulation.
NCT05815719 Instituto Bernabeu Results posted
Completed Phase 4 November 17, 2022
Progesterone Primed Endometrial Protocol Versus Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone Antagonist Protocol in Assisted Reproductive Treatments
NCT06297564 New Valley University
Completed N/A September 1, 2022
Retrospective Analysis of Real-world Data From Medical Records on the Use of MENOPUR for Infertility Treatment
NCT04814940 Ferring Pharmaceuticals
Withdrawn — September 1, 2022
Is in Vitro Maturation of Oocytes Influenced by the Origin of Gonadotropins Used in Maturation Medium: is There a Difference in Efficiency When Using Urinary Versus Recombinant Produced Follicle Stimulating Hormone and Human Chorionic Gonadotropin
NCT05370794 Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel
Unknown status — April 19, 2022
Rec-LH PD and Safety Profile in Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism Men
NCT04189133 Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena
Unknown status Phase 2 January 19, 2022
Cumulative Pregnancy Rate With Lower and Higher Gonadotropin Dose During IVF Among Poor Responders
NCT05103228 Peter Kovacs MD Results posted
Completed N/A December 2, 2021
MEDAM (Menopur Retrospective Data prograM)
NCT04876300 Ferring Pharmaceuticals
Completed — November 4, 2021
A Study Comparing MENOPUR in a Pen Formulation With a Powder and Solvent Formulation in Healthy Women
NCT04902131 Ferring Pharmaceuticals
Completed Phase 1 November 2, 2021
Progestin-primed Ovarian Stimulation Protocol Versus GnRH Antagonist Protocol in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Patients Undergoing IVF/ICSI Cycles
NCT05112692 Mansoura University
Unknown status N/A Nov 2021
Different Protocols in Ovarian Stimulation in Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection Cycles
NCT04193930 Assiut University
Withdrawn N/A January 1, 2021
Progestin Primed Double Stimulation Protocol Versus Flexible GnRH Antagonist Protocol in Poor Responders
NCT04537078 El Shatby University Hospital for Obstetrics and Gynecology Results posted
Completed Phase 3 September 1, 2020
Effect of GnRH Agonist vs GnRH Antagonist on Oocyte Morphology in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Patients During IVF/ICSI
NCT04727684 Damascus University
Completed Phase 4 August 22, 2020
Effect of GnRH Agonist vs GnRH Antagonist on Oocyte Morphology During IVF/ICSI
NCT04724486 Damascus University
Completed Phase 4 August 22, 2020
Molecular Basis of PCOS in Oocytes and Surrounding Cells
NCT04493788 Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel
Unknown status — Jul 2020
FSH Followed by HMG vs FSH Plus HMG in IVF
NCT04385342 Mansoura University
Unknown status Phase 4 June 30, 2020
Fresh Versus Freeze-only After CAPA IVM on PCOS Patients
NCT04297553 Mỹ Đức Hospital
Completed N/A March 6, 2020
An Observational Study of Follitropin Alpha Biosimilar: the Real-world Data
NCT04854707 IVFarma LLC Results posted
Completed — January 12, 2020
Effect of GnRH Agonist vs GnRH Antagonist on IVF/ICSI Outcomes in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Patients.
NCT04727671 Damascus University
Completed Phase 4 December 22, 2019
Effect of GnRH Agonist vs GnRH Antagonist on IVF/ICSI Outcomes.
NCT04724343 Damascus University
Completed Phase 4 December 22, 2019
Comparison of MENOPUR Liquid and Powder in Women Undergoing Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART)
NCT04163458 Ferring Pharmaceuticals Results posted
Completed Phase 3 October 25, 2019
Dual Ovarian Stimulation (Duostim) and Shanghai Protocols in Poor Ovarian Responders
NCT06199960 Royan Institute
Completed Phase 3 August 2, 2019
Trans-vaginal Aspiration of Small Ovarian Endometrioma. Comparison of Two Different Techniques Before ICSI
NCT03784404 Cairo University
Unknown status Phase 4 Dec 2018
Efficacy and Safety of Long Term Use of hCG or hCG Plus hMG in Males With Isolated Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism (IHH)
NCT03687606 Tongji Hospital
Unknown status Phase 4 October 18, 2018
HMG Stimulation Versus HRT for Endometrial Preparation Prior to Blastocyst Transfer in Moderate to Severe IUA Patients
NCT03578172 Reproductive & Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya
Completed N/A July 18, 2018
Menopur And Rekovelle Combination Study
NCT03483545 Dr François Bissonnette
Completed N/A July 17, 2018
Corifollitropin Alpha and Ovarian Response
NCT04416607 Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre
Completed N/A June 15, 2018
IVF Outcome Following Progestogen Ovarian Stimulation
NCT04175990 National University of Malaysia
Completed Phase 1 May 10, 2018
Comparative Study on the Efficacy of Ovarian Stimulation Protocols on the Success Rate of ICSI in Female Infertility
NCT04071574 Lebanese University
Completed Phase 1, Phase 2 February 1, 2018
IVM Versus IVF in High Antral Follicle Count Patients
NCT03405701 Mỹ Đức Hospital
Completed N/A January 25, 2018
Poor Responders Infertile Patients -A Great Clinical Challenge
NCT03402620 Cairo University
Completed N/A January 11, 2018
DuoStim in Cases of PGT: Comparison of Embryo Quantity and Embryonic Quality Using MitoScore
NCT03291821 IVI Madrid
Completed N/A December 1, 2017
Corifollitropin Alfa Combined With Menotropin Versus Follitropin and Lutropin Alfa in Expected Suboptimal Responders
NCT03177538 D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology
Completed Phase 4 September 4, 2017
Second Step Protocol in Poor Ovarian Responder (POR)
NCT03480412 Università degli Studi 'G. d'Annunzio' Chieti e Pescara
Unknown status — September 1, 2017

All 142 studies on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov · verified October 30, 2026

Adverse event reports

Reports
2,130
Serious
1,049
With death outcome
34

Most reported reactions

  • Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome 447
  • Abdominal distension 182
  • Drug ineffective 173
  • Injection site pain 139
  • Headache 128
  • Nausea 125
  • Abdominal pain 117
  • Ascites 102
  • Dyspnoea 85
  • Inappropriate schedule of drug administration 81
  • Abortion spontaneous 71
  • Fatigue 61

Adverse event reports do not prove that the substance caused these effects. Side effects not listed here may still occur. Reaction terms are MedDRA terms as reported to FAERS.

Source: FDA FAERS (FAERS data as of July 30, 2026) · verified October 30, 2026 · API query

FDA prescribing information

Official US prescribing information. Dosing sections are intentionally not shown.

  • Menopur HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG Ferring Pharmaceuticals Inc. May 31, 2018

Source: DailyMed / openFDA

Change history

No changes since monitoring began on October 30, 2026.